Torus of the maxilla or mandible, maxillary tuberosity, sinus wall, zygomatic bone, symphysis or ramus. instruments such as trephine drill, mallet & chisel, bone scarper, or saw have been used for bone grafting.
The purpose of this preliminary study is to evaluate the ability of customized three-dimensional titanium mesh (SMARTbuilder, Osstem, Korea) as a barrier membrane through investigation of clinical implant success rates and complications including crestal bone…